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Direct linkLiu, Tzu-Chien; Lin, Yi-Chun; Paas, Fred – British Journal of Educational Technology, 2013
This study investigated whether arrow-line cues can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of learning in a mobile device supported learning environment on leaf morphology of plants, either with or without the use of real plants. A cued and un-cued condition, in which primary school students used text and pictures on a tablet PC, were compared…
Descriptors: Electronic Learning, Handheld Devices, Cues, Plants (Botany)
Hushman, Carolyn J.; Marley, Scott C. – Journal of Educational Research, 2015
The authors investigated whether the amount of instructional guidance affects science learning and self-efficacy. Sixty 9- and 10-year-old children were randomly assigned to one of the following three instructional conditions: (a) guided instruction consisting of examples and student-generated explanations, (b) direct instruction consisting of a…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Self Efficacy, Science Education, Science Instruction
