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Thomas, Ruthann C.; Hasher, Lynn – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2012
Three studies explored whether younger and older adults' free recall performance can benefit from prior exposure to distraction that becomes relevant in a memory task. Participants initially read stories that included distracting text. Later, they studied a list of words for free recall, with half of the list consisting of previously distracting…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Recall (Psychology), Adults, Older Adults
Dinner, Isaac; Johnson, Eric J.; Goldstein, Daniel G.; Liu, Kaiya – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 2011
Default options exert an influence in areas as varied as retirement program design, organ donation policy, and consumer choice. Past research has offered potential reasons why no-action defaults matter: (a) effort, (b) implied endorsement, and (c) reference dependence. The first two of these explanations have been experimentally demonstrated, but…
Descriptors: Program Design, Influences, Intervention, Theories
Weinstein, Yana; McDermott, Kathleen B.; Roediger, Henry L., III – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 2010
Students are often encouraged to generate and answer their own questions on to-be-remembered material, because this interactive process is thought to enhance memory. But does this strategy actually work? In three experiments, all participants read the same passage, answered questions, and took a test to get accustomed to the materials in a…
Descriptors: Comprehension, Recall (Psychology), Learning Strategies, Questioning Techniques