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Download full textPeace Bransberger – Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education, 2023
Nationwide, public schools began to experience a youth population decline prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. After 14 years of successively smaller U.S. birth cohorts, elementary public schools now face gradually declining student counts. The complex convergence of shifting age demographics, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and ongoing…
Descriptors: Pandemics, COVID-19, Educational Policy, Enrollment Trends
Segel, David – Office of Education, United States Department of the Interior, 1933
In their constant groping toward achievement standards, the high schools of this country have developed what is known as "cooperative testing." This development is not recent. Cooperative testing dates back further than the standardized testing movement itself. For instance, it has been customary for about 50 years in New York and in…
Descriptors: Standardized Tests, National Norms, Testing Programs, Academic Standards
