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Rich, John D., Jr.; Fullard, William; Overton, Willis – Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 2011
One Hundred and Twelve Latino students from Philadelphia participated in this study, which examined the development of deductive reasoning across adolescence, and the relation of reasoning to test anxiety and standardized test scores. As predicted, 11th and ninth graders demonstrated significantly more advanced reasoning than seventh graders.…
Descriptors: Federal Legislation, Standardized Tests, Grade 9, Grade 7
Cronin, John; Bowe, Branin – Northwest Evaluation Association, 2004
Each year, Pennsylvania students participate in testing as part of the Pennsylvania assessment program. Students in grades 5, 8, and 11 take tests in reading and math while those in grades 6, 9 and 11 are assessed in writing. These tests serve as an important measure of student achievement for the state's accountability system. Results from these…
Descriptors: Program Effectiveness, Achievement Tests, Standardized Tests, Reading Achievement