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Readability of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Part B Procedural Safeguards Notices Written in Spanish
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Quintero, Stella; Zraick, Richard I.; Rosa-Lugo, Linda I.; La Scala, Jennifer D. – Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 2023
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the readability of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Part B procedural safeguard notices written in Spanish, as distributed by each of the 50 states in the United States and the District of Columbia. Results were compared with the 6th-8th grade document readability guideline…
Descriptors: Readability, Equal Education, Educational Legislation, Federal Legislation
Early Oral Language and Later Reading Development in Spanish-Speaking English Language Learners: Evidence from a Nine-Year Longitudinal Study
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Kieffer, Michael J. – Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 2012
Using nationally-representative, longitudinal data on a cohort of Spanish-speaking English language learners in the U.S., this study investigated the extent to which early oral language proficiency in Spanish and English predicts later levels and rates of growth in English reading. Latent growth models indicated that both Spanish and English…
Descriptors: Evidence, Listening Comprehension, Speech Communication, Oral Language
Bilingual Language Supports in Online Science Inquiry Environments
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Clark, Douglas B.; Touchman, Stephanie; Martinez-Garza, Mario; Ramirez-Marin, Frank; Drews, Tina Skjerping – Computers & Education, 2012
Research over the past fifteen years has investigated and developed online science inquiry environments to support students engaging in authentic scientific inquiry practices. This research has focused on developing activity structures and tools to scaffold students in engaging in different aspects of these practices, but relatively little of this…
Descriptors: Language Minorities, Academic Discourse, Second Language Learning, Grade 8