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Tate, Tamara P.; Collins, Penelope; Xu, Ying; Yau, Joanna C.; Krishnan, Jenell; Prado, Yenda; Farkas, George; Warschauer, Mark – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2019
Seventh- and 8th-grade students in a within-teacher randomized control study read from visual-syntactic formatted text for 44 min per week over the course of 1 year. On the annual state assessment, we found small statistically significant improvements on the overall English Language Arts scaled score (ES = 0.05, p < 0.05) and the writing…
Descriptors: Grade 7, Grade 8, Syntax, English Instruction