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Cassie F. Quigley; Danielle Herro; Holly Plank; Aileen Owens; Oluwadara Abimbade – Computer Science Education, 2024
Background and context: Historically underrepresented youth in computer science persistently experience barriers making it difficult to see themselves in the computer science field including computer science programs and curricula with consistent stereotypical references focused on competition, individualism, and male-associated topics…
Descriptors: Computer Science Education, Minority Group Students, Student Interests, Self Concept
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Incikabi, Lütfi; Ayanoglu, Perihan; Uysal, Ramazan – International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 2020
This study aimed to reveal the conceptual and operational conceptions of sixth-grade students in the process of division. The focus of the study included the strategies used in the division process, the students' understanding of the division algorithm, and their ability to interpret the remainder in a real-life context. Being qualitative in…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Middle School Students, Grade 6, Mathematics Skills
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Ben-Yehuda, Miriam; Sharoni, Varda – Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology, 2021
The research examined the calculation methods used by pupils in Grades 3-6 when they were presented with problems that could be worked out efficiently and flexibly by applying number sense. The study was conducted with a convenience sample of 179 pupils between the ages 7 years and 10 months to 12 years and 10 months. in mainstream education in…
Descriptors: Numeracy, Number Concepts, Computation, Grade 3
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Brez, Caitlin C.; Miller, Angela D.; Ramirez, Erin M. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2016
Numerical estimation has been used to study how children mentally represent numbers for many years (e.g., Siegler & Opfer, 2003). However, these studies have always presented children with positive numbers and positive number lines. Children's mental representation of negative numbers has never been addressed. The present study tested children…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Numeracy, Numbers, Grade 2
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Oppezzo, Marily Ann; Dohmen, Ilsa; Schwartz, Daniel L. – AERA Online Paper Repository, 2017
It is often assumed when students fidget they are not on task. Two within-subject studies challenge this assumption by testing the effect of allowing fidgeting on three types of thinking: speeded mental math (Study 1), brainstorming and memory (Study 2). Study 1 showed that student's performance on speeded math was no different when performed in a…
Descriptors: Motion, Human Body, Creativity, Thinking Skills
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Chesney, Marlene – Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom, 2013
Marlene Chesney describes a piece of research where the participants were asked to complete a calculation, 16 + 8, and then asked to describe how they solved it. The diversity of invented strategies will be of interest to teachers along with the recommendations that are made. So "how do 'you' solve 16 + 8?"
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Mental Computation, Mathematical Logic, Addition
Wong, Monica – Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia, 2010
Learning pathways capture the development of competence in a mathematical domain. They have been developed from empirical studies in the areas of mental computation and emergent numeracy concepts. These pathways afford teachers the opportunity to identify students' current levels of understanding, antecedent understandings and the steps that are…
Descriptors: Mental Computation, Grade 3, Mathematics, Identification
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Clarke, Doug M.; Roche, Anne – Educational Studies in Mathematics, 2009
As part of individual interviews incorporating whole number and rational number tasks, 323 grade 6 children in Victoria, Australia were asked to nominate the larger of two fractions for eight pairs, giving reasons for their choice. All tasks were expected to be undertaken mentally. The relative difficulty of the pairs was found to be close to that…
Descriptors: Numbers, Foreign Countries, Grade 6, Teaching Methods
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Hickendorff, Marian; van Putten, Cornelis M.; Verhelst, Norman D.; Heiser, Willem J. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2010
Individual differences in strategy use (choice and accuracy) were analyzed. A sample of 362 Grade 6 students solved complex division problems under 2 different conditions. In the choice condition students were allowed to use either a mental or a written strategy. In the subsequent no-choice condition, they were required to use a written strategy.…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Grade 6, Item Response Theory, Computation
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Chiras, Andreas – Science Education International, 2008
The study investigated the mental models of primary school children related to the day/night cycle. Semi-structure interviews were conducted with 40 fourth-grade and 40 sixth-grade children. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data indicated that the majority of the children were classified as having geocentric models. The results also…
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Models, Interviews, Time Perspective
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Zhu, Liqi; Gigerenzer, Gerd – Cognition, 2006
Can children reason the Bayesian way? We argue that the answer to this question depends on how numbers are represented, because a representation can do part of the computation. We test, for the first time, whether Bayesian reasoning can be elicited in children by means of natural frequencies. We show that when information was presented to fourth,…
Descriptors: Mental Computation, Probability, Bayesian Statistics, Intermediate Grades
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Robinson, Katherine M.; Arbuthnott, Katherine D.; Rose, Danica; McCarron, Michelle C.; Globa, Carin A.; Phonexay, Sylvia D. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2006
Age-related changes in children's performance on simple division problems (e.g., 6 divided by 2, 72 divided by 9) were investigated by asking children in Grades 4 through 7 to solve 32 simple division problems. Differences in performance were found across grade, with younger children performing more slowly and less accurately than older children.…
Descriptors: Intermediate Grades, Grade 4, Grade 5, Grade 6