Background Study: Developments in science and technology, have created a need for technology-supported learning environments. Robotics is a technology widely used in science education. Collaborative learning is one of the methods used in education based on the constructivist approach. Using robotic and cooperative learning together is a new and rare study approach. The study utilizes cooperative learning and robotics together. Past studies have investigated applications combining collaborative learning, problem-based or project-based learning with flipped classrooms. However, we need more evidence on how cooperative learning methods affect learning in environments supported by robotic modules. Objectives: This study investigated the effects of robotic module-supported experimental activities with the cooperative learning method on student achievement, 21st-century skills, and students' opinions. Methods: The sample of this study was 6th-grade students (n = 61). The study utilized a mixed method approach. The quantitative research phase of the study employed a quasi-experimental design with an experimental and a control group. The qualitative research phase of the study utilized a case study design. Results and Conclusions: The experimental group had significantly higher mean scores than the control group. This result shows that robotic module-supported experimental activities with the cooperative learning method are more effective at improving student achievement and 21st-century skills than the current curriculum.