This study aims to find out how to improve elementary school students' mathematical literacy in online learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic. This study uses a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population in this study were grade 5 students in one of the sub-districts in Bandung. The sample used random sampling criteria with a total of 50 students. The instrument used a mathematical literacy test and an online learning perception questionnaire. The data analysis measures descriptive and inferential statistics using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 25. The results show that online learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic is going well, although in its implementation, there are still various obstacles and problems. Based on the results of the t-test that the sig. is 0.000. So, there are differences in mathematical literacy skills before and after online learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic. This is also supported by the N-Gain score of 0.35 in the medium category. This research is expected to contribute to education to create effective online learning and improve mathematical literacy skills, especially in elementary schools.