The problem addressed in this study was students who have not been able to demonstrate proficiency in performing mathematical computation, algebraic and geometrical reasoning, number sense proficiency and mathematical processing while in grades 3 through 8 are not prepared to successfully complete the high school high stakes Algebra 1 ECA assessment, a graduation requirement. The purpose of this quantitative longitudinal ex-post facto study was to examine the relationship between students' elementary grades ISTEP+ scores in number sense, computation, algebra, geometry and mathematical processing and their ability to demonstrate mastery of algebra based upon their initial Algebra 1 ECA scores. The cognitive constructivist theory influenced this examination of students learning and performance by gathering data regarding patterns of performance in mathematics as assessed by the ISTEP+ over time. A Pearson correlation analysis was used to study the relationship between ISTEP+ assessments scores of 131 students during grades 3, 4 and 5 and their Algebra 1 ECA taken in the 9th grade. A Pearson correlation analysis was conducted on 131 student data records to determine if a relationship existed between ISTEP+ scores of students when they were in grades 3, 4 and 5 and their Algebra 1 ECA score. A one-way ANOVA was anticipated to be applied to examine the means difference among categorical assessment score of the same population of students over a three-year length of time during grades 3, 4, and 5. This study was able to show a correlation between ISTEP+ scores in grades 3, 4 and 5 and the Algebra 1 ECA scores, but there were not enough data records to conduct the one-way ANOVA. Future studies are recommended based upon the revision of the research questions so that a one-way ANOVA could be performed, and additional studies examining teacher development and student attendance as variable contributing to successful completion of standardized assessments. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]