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O'Connor, Megan; Geva, Esther; Koh, Poh Wee – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2019
This study set out to compare patterns of relationships among phonological skills, orthographic skills, semantic knowledge, listening comprehension, and reading comprehension in English as a first language (EL1) and English language learners (ELL) students and to test the applicability of the lexical quality hypothesis framework. Participants…
Descriptors: English Language Learners, Semantics, Listening Comprehension, Reading Comprehension
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Tobia, Valentina; Fasola, Anna; Lupieri, Alice; Marzocchi, Gian Marco – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2016
This study aimed to explore the spatial numerical association of response codes (SNARC), the flanker, and the numerical distance effects in children with mathematical difficulties. From a sample of 720 third, fourth, and fifth graders, 60 children were selected and divided into the following three groups: typically developing children (TD; n =…
Descriptors: Mathematics Skills, Reading Difficulties, Grade 3, Grade 4
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Etmanskie, Jill M.; Partanen, Marita; Siegel, Linda S. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2016
There are some children who encounter unexpected reading difficulties in the fourth grade. This phenomenon has been described as late emerging reading disabilities (LERD). Using Grade 4 as a starting point, this study examined the reading development of 964 children between kindergarten and Grade 7. The results showed that 72.0% of children had…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Reading Difficulties, Elementary School Students, Reading Comprehension