The purpose of this study was to test the effects of healthy life practice (HLP) education on reported health behaviors, including health promotion, disease prevention, and safety among fourth-grade elementary school students. A quasi-experimental, pretest/posttest design was used. The 101 recruited participants from two schools were assigned to the intervention group (n = 51) that received 10 health education sessions and the control group (n = 50) that did not receive the intervention. Significant differences in health behaviors were observed between the two groups (t = 2.563, p = 0.012), specifically for disease prevention (t = 2.178, p = 0.032) and safety (t = 2.711, p = 0.008). However, no significant between-group differences were observed in health promotion (t = 0.270, p = 0.788). Educational interventions aimed at changing HLP-related health behaviors may be effective for elementary schoolchildren.