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Download full textWhorton, Ryan; Almonte, Debby; Steiger, Darby; Robins, Cynthia; Gentile, Christopher; Bertling, Jonas – ETS Research Report Series, 2021
Social changes have resulted in an increase of students living in households that do not include both a mother and a father, reducing the efficacy of common survey questionnaire approaches to measuring student socioeconomic status (SES). This paper presents two studies conducted to develop and test a new,more inclusive set of student SES items…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Grade 4, Grade 8, Grade 12
