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Direct linkLeino, Kaisa; Nissinen, Kari; Sirén, Marjo – Large-scale Assessments in Education, 2022
Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) focuses on the reading proficiency of students mostly in the fourth year of schooling. A wide selection of studies has shown that family background and early literacy activities at home have substantial associations with student achievement in reading literacy. However, research focusing on…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Achievement Tests, Reading Achievement, Reading Tests
