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Chen, Ying-Chih; Hand, Brian; McDowell, Leah – Science Education, 2013
This quasi-experimental and pre/posttest study was designed to examine whether fourth-grade students who engaged in collaboratively writing letters to 11th-grade students performed better on tests of conceptual understanding of a unit on force and motion than students who did not. The participants included 835 fourth-grade students and 416…
Descriptors: Quasiexperimental Design, Pretests Posttests, Grade 4, Grade 11
Graham, Steve; Perin, Dolores – Alliance for Excellent Education, 2007
This report offers a number of specific teaching techniques that research suggests will help 4th- to 12th-grade students in this nation's schools. The report focuses on all students, not just those who display writing difficulties, although this latter group is deservedly the focus of much attention. The premise of this report is that all students…
Descriptors: Transformational Generative Grammar, Writing Assignments, Writing Difficulties, Sentences