Publication Date
| In 2025 | 0 |
| Since 2024 | 0 |
| Since 2021 (last 5 years) | 1 |
| Since 2016 (last 10 years) | 1 |
| Since 2006 (last 20 years) | 5 |
Descriptor
Source
| Journal of Educational… | 2 |
| Bilingual Research Journal | 1 |
| International Journal of… | 1 |
| Journal of Literacy Research | 1 |
| Reading and Writing: An… | 1 |
Author
| Proctor, C. Patrick | 6 |
| August, Diane | 3 |
| Snow, Catherine | 3 |
| Silverman, Rebecca D. | 2 |
| Barr, Christopher D. | 1 |
| Carlo, Maria | 1 |
| Carlo, Maria S. | 1 |
| Dalton, Bridget | 1 |
| Doyle, Brie | 1 |
| Grisham, Dana L. | 1 |
| Harring, Jeffrey R. | 1 |
| More ▼ | |
Publication Type
| Journal Articles | 6 |
| Reports - Research | 4 |
| Reports - Evaluative | 1 |
Education Level
| Grade 4 | 6 |
| Elementary Education | 4 |
| Early Childhood Education | 2 |
| Grade 2 | 2 |
| Intermediate Grades | 2 |
| Primary Education | 2 |
| Grade 3 | 1 |
| Grade 5 | 1 |
| Middle Schools | 1 |
Audience
Location
| Texas | 1 |
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
| Clinical Evaluation of… | 1 |
| Woodcock Munoz Language Survey | 1 |
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Peer reviewed
Direct linkLeider, Christine M.; Proctor, C. Patrick; Silverman, Rebecca D. – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2021
This two-year longitudinal study examined the role of linguistic interdependence between Spanish and English among a group of first, second, and third generation immigrant Spanish-English bilingual children. Starting from a theoretical perspective on linguistic interdependence that takes into account linguistic constructs and their measurement,…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Immigrants, Spanish, English (Second Language)
Silverman, Rebecca D.; Proctor, C. Patrick; Harring, Jeffrey R.; Hartranft, Anna M.; Doyle, Brie; Zelinke, Sarah B. – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2015
The present study investigated language skills and reading comprehension with English monolingual and Spanish-English bilingual children in grades 2-5. Of the 377 children in the sample, 207 were English monolingual and 170 were Spanish-English bilingual. Data were collected within a cohort-sequential design for two academic years in the fall and…
Descriptors: Language Skills, Reading Comprehension, Monolingualism, Bilingual Education
Proctor, C. Patrick; August, Diane; Snow, Catherine; Barr, Christopher D. – Bilingual Research Journal, 2010
The purpose of the current study is to elaborate on the statistical nature of the linguistic interdependence hypothesis (Cummins, 1979). It is argued that reading skills across the languages of bilingual learners are differentially robust to interdependence, falling along a continuum mediated by the commonalities between Spanish and English.…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Structural Equation Models, Oral Language, Reading Achievement
Proctor, C. Patrick; Dalton, Bridget; Grisham, Dana L. – Journal of Literacy Research, 2007
As interest and concern rise in U.S. educational circles around the reading achievement of English language learners (ELLs) and struggling readers, researchers and practitioners alike are calling for the increased use of technology as a means to decrease achievement gaps in reading (Jimenez, 2003; Strangman & Dalton, 2005). In this article, we…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Speech Communication, Reading Achievement, Second Language Learning
Proctor, C. Patrick; August, Diane; Carlo, Maria S.; Snow, Catherine – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2006
This study explored a holistic model of English reading comprehension among a sample of 135 Spanish-English bilingual Latina and Latino 4th-grade students This model took into account Spanish language reading skills and language of initial literacy instruction. Controlling for language of instruction, English decoding skill, and English oral…
Descriptors: Spanish, Language of Instruction, Reading Comprehension, Oral Language
Proctor, C. Patrick; Carlo, Maria; August, Diane; Snow, Catherine – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2005
A structural equation model of second language (L2; English) reading comprehension was tested on a sample of 135 Spanish-speaking 4th-grade English-language learners (ELLs). The model included 2 levels: decoding and oral language. English decoding measures included alphabetic knowledge and fluency. English oral language measures included…
Descriptors: Goodness of Fit, Vocabulary Development, Spanish Speaking, Oral Language
