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Boesen, Jesper; Lithner, Johan; Palm, Torulf – Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 2018
Internationally, education reform has been directed towards describing educational goals that go beyond topic and content descriptions. The idea of mathematical competencies describes such goals. National tests have been seen as one way of communicating these goals and influence teaching. The present study analyses Swedish national tests in…
Descriptors: Mathematics Skills, National Standards, Standardized Tests, Foreign Countries
Louisiana Department of Education, 2016
The Louisiana English language arts student standards were created by over one hundred Louisiana educators with input by thousands of parents and teachers from across the state. Educators envisioned what proficient students should know and be able to do to compete in society and focused their efforts on creating standards that would allow them to…
Descriptors: English Instruction, Language Arts, State Standards, Academic Standards
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Raty, Hannu – Educational Studies, 2006
This paper examines the contribution of parents' education and children's gender on parental expectations of their children's future education and the role of parental perceptions of their child's competencies in the formation of their expectations. A group of university and vocationally educated parents (N = 418) were asked to estimate the…
Descriptors: Expectation, Probability, Vocational Education, Social Differences