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Archer, Laura E. – Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 2010
This study investigated average yearly reading growth norms of at-risk middle school students as a function of start of year reading grade level. Data for this study were collected from an urban school in the western United States over five years and tracked the yearly growth of 2,485 seventh- and eighth-grade students using a Lexile-linked…
Descriptors: Middle School Students, Urban Schools, Poverty, Second Language Learning
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Madda, Christina L.; Skinner, Elizabeth A.; Schultz, Brian D. – New Educator, 2012
In this article, we argue that preparing and maintaining a cadre of culturally responsive teachers is critical to improving urban education and achieving educational equity. We discuss a collaborative, social-justice-oriented approach to teacher preparation committed to developing a stable and effective teaching force reflective of the student…
Descriptors: Urban Schools, Urban Education, Teacher Characteristics, Cultural Awareness