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Direct linkSpencer, Mercedes; Quinn, Jamie M.; Wagner, Richard K. – Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 2014
The goal of the present study was to test three competing hypotheses about the nature of comprehension problems of students who are poor in reading comprehension. Participants in the study were first, second, and third graders, totaling nine cohorts and over 425,000 participants in all. The pattern of results was consistent across all cohorts:…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Reading Difficulties, Hypothesis Testing, Grade 1
Download full textGreene, Jay P.; Winters, Marcus A. – Center for Civic Innovation, 2006
Social promotion has long been the normal practice in American schools. Critics of this practice, whereby students are promoted to the next grade regardless of academic preparation, have suggested that students would benefit academically if they were made to repeat a grade. Supporters of social promotion claim that retaining students disrupts them…
Descriptors: School Holding Power, Research Design, Researchers, Standardized Tests
