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Treiman, Rebecca; Hulslander, Jacqueline; Olson, Richard K.; Samuelsson, Stefan; Elwér, Åsa; Furnes, Bjarte; Byrne, Brian – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2023
Purpose: Using data from 1,868 children from the US, Australia, and Sweden who took a 10-word spelling test in kindergarten and a standardized spelling test in Grades 1, 2, and (except for the Australian children) Grade 4, we examined two questions. First, does the quality of a child's errors on the kindergarten test help predict later spelling…
Descriptors: Prediction, Spelling, Kindergarten, Foreign Countries
de Villiers, Celéste; Hopkins, Sarah – Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia, 2013
Counting strategies initially used by young children to perform simple addition are often replaced by more efficient counting strategies, decomposition strategies and rule-based strategies until most answers are encoded in memory and can be directly retrieved. Practice is thought to be the key to developing fluent retrieval of addition facts. This…
Descriptors: Addition, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Skills, Computation