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Effects of Technology Enhancements and Type of Teacher Support on Assessing Spanish-Speaking Children's Oral Reading Fluency in Second Grade
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York, Mary J.; Foorman, Barbara R.; Santi, Kristi L.; Francis, David J. – Assessment for Effective Intervention, 2011
We examined student-, classroom-, and school-level effects in predicting second-grade Spanish-speaking children's oral reading fluency in Spanish. Teachers in 67 randomly selected urban schools administered the Tejas LEE to 1,537 first- and second-grade students. Oral reading fluency was measured in the passages students read for comprehension.…
Descriptors: Urban Schools, Bilingual Students, Mentors, Reading Fluency
Contextual Effects on Predicting Risk for Reading Difficulties in First and Second Grade
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Foorman, Barbara R.; York, Mary; Santi, Kristi L.; Francis, David – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2008
This study utilized early reading assessment data from a randomized trial of 210 urban and rural schools in Texas to examine contextual effects on risk prediction in first and second grade. The primary objective was to examine the roles of (a) individual differences, (b) the grade 1 classroom, and (c) the pairing of first and second grade teachers…
Descriptors: Urban Schools, Reading Difficulties, Rural Schools, Mentors