The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) for the arts measures students' knowledge and skills in creating, performing, and responding to works of music, theatre, and visual arts. This framework document asserts that dance, music, theatre and the visual arts are important parts of a full education. When students engage in the arts, they use intellect, emotions, and physical skills to create meaning. The framework development process is discussed in four chapters: (1) The Arts in U.S. Education; (2) The Content and Processes of the Arts; (3) Desired Attributes of the Assessment; and (4) Preliminary Achievement Level Descriptions. Content Outlines, Public Hearing Reports, and Planning Schedules and Timelines are appended. (Contains 1 exhibit and 27 tables.)