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Direct linkPeguero, Anthony A.; Varela, Kay S.; Marchbanks, Miner P., III; Blake, Jamilia; Eason, John M. – Urban Education, 2021
There are racial/ethnic disparities associated with school punishment practices and academic progress. In addition, research suggests that urban schools have stricter school punishment practices and higher grade retention rates. What remains unknown, however, is the relationship between race/ethnicity, school punishment practices, and retention…
Descriptors: Punishment, Discipline, Racial Differences, Ethnicity
Hoban, Lisa S. – ProQuest LLC, 2019
The purpose of this research study was to explore trends in student test performance since the Common Core implementation in 8th and 11th grades in Pennsylvania. After receiving failing grades for the Pennsylvania State Standards when compared with other states, legislators adopted the Pennsylvania Common Core Standards in 2013. Much of this…
Descriptors: Secondary School Students, Grade 8, Grade 11, Standardized Tests
Flannery, Daniel J.; Wester, Kelly L.; Singer, Mark I. – Journal of Community Psychology, 2004
Exposure to violence at school remains a significant problem for children and adolescents. This study examined the relationship between exposure to violence at school and child reports of psychological trauma symptoms and violent behavior. The sample consisted of children in grades 3 through 12 in 17 public schools from two different states. Rates…
Descriptors: Violence, Well Being, Mental Health, Educational Environment
