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Hu, Xinyang; Jiang, Yanxia; Bi, Hualin – International Journal of STEM Education, 2022
Background: In many countries and regions, such as the United States, Europe and China, a trend has emerged in which students' enthusiasm for STEM is declining. This decline may be related to students' lack of science self-efficacy. An accurate examination of students' science self-efficacy can provide a research foundation for how to cultivate…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, STEM Education, Self Efficacy, Test Construction
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Lu, Huanhuan; Jiang, Yanxia; Bi, Hualin – Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 2020
The galvanic cell is a basic concept in electrochemistry. To assess mainland Chinese students' proficiency levels in galvanic cells, the Galvanic Cell Proficiency Level Assessment (GCPA) was developed based on the Rasch model. The GCPA was developed through a pilot test and consists of seven multiple-choice questions and four open questions. The…
Descriptors: Measurement Techniques, Science Instruction, High School Students, Grade 11