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Ahmed, Ahmed Y.; Miller, Vachel W.; Gebremeskel, Haftu H.; Ebessa, Asrat D. – Educational Studies, 2019
The rapid expansion of primary education in Ethiopia has enabled most children to attend primary education--or at least to start schooling. This expansion, however, is largely "symbolic" rather than "substantive" where "substantive" refers to access that generates meaningful learning. The article explores spatial…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Access to Education, Sustainable Development, Equal Education
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Hamid, M. Obaidul; Baldauf, Richard B., Jr. – Language Learning Journal, 2011
L2 education research has shown immense interest in learners and their views of L2 learning. Nevertheless, the different directions of learner-focused research have been inadequate in highlighting learners' learning experiences in relation to their social backgrounds, particularly in the developing world. Drawing on the first author's PhD…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction, Disadvantaged