The fairness and efficacy of the elite stream in general senior secondary education have long been a contentious issue. Based on the longitudinal data of the students who were enrolled in five senior secondary schools in X City in western China in 2017 and 2018, this study examined the effects of elite class streaming in improving student academic…

Aside from a student's personal desire to pursue higher education, a culture of high expectations in a school can have important consequences on the individual's achievement. However, the school's 'collective expectation' is affected by many contextual factors like urbanicity. Contributing to the research on urban-rural difference in education and…

We focus on two types of centralised national examinations (the 10th grade tests and Matura examination) that are being carried out in Lithuania for two decades. The aim of the paper is to analyse assessments of mathematics for the entire Lithuanian secondary school population that have no sampling errors while considering the factors of location,…

This study examined Arab high-school students' decision-making ability (their cognitive level) regarding a sea turtle conservation issue in relation to three independent variables: the proximity of their residence to the sea, the type of residence (city or village), and their gender. The study population consisted of tenth-grade students in high…

This article examines how various family education strategies influence development of self-regulation behavior among students. It looks at grade levels 9-11 and compares sex differences as well as residential patterns (rural areas, district centers, and regional centers). It has been established that not all strategies are the same: some affect…

The present study aimed at investigating socio economic status, school climate and study habits of secondary school students as determinants of academic achievement. The study also explored study habits based on gender and locale basis. The study was conducted on 1500 students of 10th grade from 60 schools. Data were collected through School…

This case study aimed to enhance students' scientific argumentation through the Science-Technology-Society (STS) approach. There were two phases in this study: (a) Exploring the current situation of grade 10 students' scientific argumentation in real classrooms, and (b) Developing and implementing the STS learning unit to enhance students'…

The purpose of the study was to find out the effects of existing physical environment of chemistry lab on cognitive learning of chemistry students in the rural and urban schools of Rawalpindi Division at secondary school level. The population of the study consisted of all science teachers and science students of all male and female schools in…

There are racial/ethnic disparities associated with school punishment practices and academic progress. In addition, research suggests that urban schools have stricter school punishment practices and higher grade retention rates. What remains unknown, however, is the relationship between race/ethnicity, school punishment practices, and retention…

This article analyses the challenges facing secondary education in the context of Ethiopia's Growth and transformation Plan (GtP) for 2010/11-2014/15 and its stated goal of becoming a middle-income country by 2025. It does not aim to provide a definitive set of recommendations for universalising general secondary education to meet the demands of a…

Background: This study examined differences in students' time spent in physical activity (PA) across secondary schools in rural, suburban, and urban environments and identified the environment-level factors associated with these between school differences in students' PA. Methods: Multilevel linear regression analyses were used to examine the…

The purpose of this study was to examine individual, family, peer, and community risk and protective factors associated with past-30-days alcohol and marijuana use among African-American adolescents living in rural and urban communities. This study used data collected from 907 tenth- and twelfth-grade African-American students who completed the…

The study orientation of low and high academic achievers was compared, measured through a self-developed study orientation scale (SOS) primarily based on 47 items comparing study habits and attitude. Students' marks obtained in the 10th grade Examination determined the measure of academic performance. The analysis revealed that the high achievers…

Approximately 700 urban and rural 10th- (M=16.6 years) and 12th- (M=18.9 years) grade students in China completed measures assessing their beliefs about parental authority and individual autonomy, as well as aspects of their relationships with their parents. Urban adolescents indicated a greater willingness to disagree openly with their parents, a…

The present study introduces and demonstrates a new methodology for item and test bias studies: "moderated differential item functioning (DIF)." This technique expands the DIF methodology to incorporate contextual and sociological variables as moderating or mediating effects of the DIF. Specifically, this paper explores differential…