The problem this study addressed was whether an intervention, grounded in Reading Recovery strategies, was as effective when used with struggling readers in small groups as it is in 1:1 instruction. The purpose of this causal-comparative study was to investigate the differences in student performance between students who received small group…

Decodable books based on previous classroom instruction are the most frequently used texts for 1st grade reading instruction in public schools, yet no empirical studies exist demonstrating their efficacy or their benefits for beginning readers. This study attempts to address this gap in the research literature by analyzing the reading behaviors of…

Almost every first grade has at least one Peter, one youngster who delivers the important note from his mother at the end of the day instead of in the morning and yet, he is not making much progress toward learning to read and write. He has all the characteristics that mark him as being one of those children who will struggle throughout his school…