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Hughes, Jan N.; Chen, Qi; Thoemmes, Felix; Kwok, Oi-man – Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 2010
The association between grade retention in first grade and passing the third grade state accountability tests, the Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (TAKS) reading and math, was investigated in a sample of 769 students who were recruited into the study when they were in first grade. Of these 769 students, 165 were retained in first grade…
Descriptors: Grade Repetition, Mathematics Tests, High Stakes Tests, Grade 3