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Szczygiel, Monika – Issues in Educational Research, 2020
Math anxiety is considered a predictor of mathematical achievement, but little is known about its characteristics in young children. In a longitudinal study of first to second grade children, the relationships between gender, general and math anxiety, and math achievement were tested. First, the results indicate that girls in comparison to boys…
Descriptors: Mathematics Anxiety, Mathematics Instruction, Anxiety, Gender Differences
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Nazaruk, Stanislawa; Marchel, Joanna; Kruszewska, Aleksandra; Tokarewicz, Ewa – Education 3-13, 2022
Family and educational institutions play a decisive role in learning and strengthening habits related to physical activity and health. School has a specific mission in this scope, especially at the first stage of education. Attempting to answer the question of how schools in practice realise these tasks, a study was conducted on the level of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, COVID-19, Pandemics, Physical Activity Level
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Fromel, Karel; Stelzer, Jiri; Groffik, Dorota; Ernest, James – Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 2008
This study investigated the physical activity (PA) levels of 6- to 8-year-old children over a seven-day period. The participants consisted of 35 girls and 36 boys in kindergarten and 113 girls and 131 boys in 1st grade. Physical activity (PA) is defined as "any body movement produced by skeletal muscles resulting in energy expenditure"…
Descriptors: Physical Education, Physical Activities, Physical Activity Level, Kindergarten