Current educational theories, such as Constructivism, are based on subjective principles which are open to interpretation and may result in wide variations in the quality of learning outcomes. Cognitive Load Optimization is a new quantitative, Science of Learning theory. Using this method, it is possible to define schemas (mental patterns of…

A psychological framework for different types of items commonly used with mixed-format exams is proposed. A choice model based on signal detection theory (SDT) is used for multiple-choice (MC) items, whereas an item response theory (IRT) model is used for open-ended (OE) items. The SDT and IRT models are shown to share a common conceptualization…

Latinx youth exhibit educational leadership and possess unique insight into experiences of youth of color in K-12 schooling. Yet, adultism hinders authentic youth participation in educational decision making. In this study we address the following question: What types of behavior do K-12 school leaders demonstrate in response to Latinx youths'…

The purpose of this study was to analyze the status of curriculum development and implementation practices in the Ethiopian education system through the lens of Schwab's Signs of Crisis in the Curriculum Field. In 1969, Schwab identified three important ideas about the curriculum field in the American education system. First, he notified that the…

Over the past few years (2020-present), the United States has experienced a period of racial unrest, which has led to heated debates about school curriculum and policy. Considering the current sociopolitical context, this critical policy analysis traces the trends in statelevel education legislation related to race/ethnicity that was both…

Emerging research has revealed the disproportionate impact COVID-19 has had on communities of color (Wilder et al., 2021), and the subsequent rising rates of racialized trauma that has occurred due to increasing racial injustice in the United States (Horsford et al., 2021). Although calls have been made for trauma-informed and social and emotional…

In this theoretical paper, we respond to a call for all Mathematics Education researchers to become equity researchers (Aguirre et al., 2017) by articulating how equity is foundational to making second-order models of students' mathematics. First, based on prior research, we view equity to be about power and respect. We define an act of equity as…

Globalization has become one of the most recurrent concepts in social and political sciences. More often than not, however, the concept is handled without much of a properly articulated theory capable of explaining its historical origin and expansion. For education researchers attempting to elucidate how global changes and processes affect their…

Research-practice partnerships (RPPs) provide opportunities for researchers to support school districts in addressing the complex challenges they face. Cynthia E. Coburn, William R. Penuel, and Caitlin C. Farrell situate RPPs in the history of educational research and discuss the needs they were designed to address. They then describe what…

The relationship between research and practice in K-12 is complicated and fraught. Research publications are unlikely to become more "user-friendly," and teachers are unlikely to change their practice quickly or more willingly -- nor should they. Recognize that reality, Isobel Stevenson and Richard Lemons explain that schools need to…

In this report, the authors describe the scope and scale of Black male literacy research; discuss theories, conceptual frames, and groundings informing the research on Black male literacy education in grades preK-12; and offer insights on Black male literacy research based on the current state of research. Each is based on an extensive review of…

Drawing on experiential, literary and historical narratives, this article connects the long history shaping the school-to-prison-pipeline to the contemporary experiences of Black youth in today's educational system. It maps abolitionism from its origins as a movement to end slavery through the ongoing Black freedom struggles that have challenged…

The problem was the lack of SEL and social presence practices in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused student engagement to decline. The purpose was to explore educator perceptions of how SEL social presence practices affect student engagement during the transition from traditional learning. Grounded in social constructivism…

The need for educators to utilize culturally responsive pedagogy to support culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) student populations is critical. This research examines the formation of teacher candidates' culturally responsive teaching self-efficacy (CRTSE) and attributional beliefs for teaching CLD learners. Findings inform existing…

Howard, Overstreet, and Ticknor build on the framework they established in their first book "It's Not 'One More Thing'." They extend their practical how-to strategies for enacting culturally responsive and affirming literacy instruction in K-12 classrooms specific to literacy assessment, engaging texts used for literacy instruction, and…