Despite a rise in school principal vacancies in recent years, principals of Color are still underrepresented in many K-12 school districts across the United States. Continued racial bias remains a barrier and deterrent for aspiring principals of Color, particularly in homogenous, predominantly White school districts and communities that allow…

These appendices accompany the full report, "National Household Education Surveys Program of 2019: Qualitative Study of Nonresponding Addresses. NCES 2022-043" (ED617187). The full report documents the methods and findings of a qualitative study of nonrespondent addresses to the 2019 administration of the National Household Education…

Research was limited when it came to the perceptions of rural district and school leaders regarding the recruitment and retention of teachers of color. Beginning in 2021 2022, Tennessee's Educator Diversity Policy, 5.700 outlined requirements for local education agencies to submit goals, plans, and strategies to promote the recruitment and…

All students--particularly students of color--benefit academically and socially from having teachers who are people of color. However, people of color face systemic barriers to becoming and remaining teachers at multiple points throughout their careers. For example, people of color are more likely than their White peers to incur student debt,…

The principal of a school is the driving force for instructional success and academic propelling of students. Research shows that other than instruction in the classroom, leadership is the critical factor within the school's control that influences student learning. Much attention has been paid to how school leadership directly influences…

British Columbia's (BC) public education system has a critical teacher shortage. While initial recruitment is an important part of a workforce strategy, it is essential to ensure teachers have the working conditions, resources and support they need for a successful start and lasting career in public education. The first five years after initial…

The specific needs of rural schools and communities have received limited attention from state policy makers, and many state programs have only added to the challenges that school districts in rural areas face. Michigan State University researchers surveyed and interviewed rural superintendents in Michigan to learn more about their situations.…

Black superintendents are significantly underrepresented in our nation's schools. Despite a slight increase in representation of female Black superintendents, minorities of all races continue to be underrepresented (Tienken & Domenech, 2020). In this study, I examined the experiences of Black superintendents in Michigan who currently hold…

The 2022 Legislature increased funding for specific types of school staff in the prototypical school funding model, which determines the state funding allocations for schools. The legislation also required that funding provided to schools for physical, social, and emotional support staff (PSES staff) be spent on those staff. This report includes…

This qualitative study aimed to describe the lived experiences of teachers of color and identify commonalities within the lived experiences of teachers of color employed in predominately White K-12 schools. This study utilized interpretive phenomenological analysis, viewed through the White racial frame lens. There were 15 participants who were…

Recruiting and retaining effective special educators is essential for improving the outcomes of students with disabilities, yet it remains one of the foremost challenges facing special education. In this chapter, the authors provide an overview of the extent to which economic interventions -- such as bonuses, increased salaries, and loan…

Children in foster care are a vulnerable population in the United States K-12 education system. The purpose of this exploratory qualitative multiple-case study was to understand the perceptions of high school teachers, school social workers, and child welfare case managers regarding foster care and school collaboration protocols and supports put…

Teach For America (TFA), a prominent alternative teacher certification program, has evolved substantially since it began in 1989. However, most studies ignore this potential variation when evaluating TFA's effects on student outcomes. Using 12 years of administrative data, I test whether TFA's effects on achievement differ over time, focusing on a…

The U.S. elementary and secondary teaching force in recent decades has changed significantly and in important, sometimes surprising ways. It has become far larger, far less experienced, less diverse by gender, and more diverse by race/ethnicity. And it remains unstable. Yet researchers, policymakers, and the public appear not to have much marked…

In Colorado, where higher education institutions are not graduating enough candidates to fill open teaching jobs, particularly in specializations such as math, several initiatives are working to improve rural teacher recruitment and retention. Through scholarships, state university partnerships, a multidistrict professional learning community, and…