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Apthorp, Helen S.; Igel, Charles; Dean, Ceri – School Science and Mathematics, 2012
The purpose of the study was to update previous meta-analytic findings on the effectiveness of using similarities and differences as an instructional strategy. The strategy includes facilitating student comparison, classification, use of analogies, and use of metaphors. Previously, Marzano, Pickering, and Pollock reported a mean effect size of…
Descriptors: Educational Strategies, Control Groups, Elementary Secondary Education, Academic Achievement
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National Center for Education Statistics, 2012
Science education is not just about learning facts in a classroom--it's about doing activities where students put their understanding of science principles into action. That's why two unique types of activity-based tasks were administered as part of the 2009 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) science assessment. In addition to the…
Descriptors: Investigations, Student Evaluation, Science Tests, National Competency Tests