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Download full textZumbo, Bruno D.; Gelin, Michaela N. – Journal of Educational Research & Policy Studies, 2005
The present study introduces and demonstrates a new methodology for item and test bias studies: "moderated differential item functioning (DIF)." This technique expands the DIF methodology to incorporate contextual and sociological variables as moderating or mediating effects of the DIF. Specifically, this paper explores differential…
Descriptors: Test Bias, Multiple Choice Tests, Mathematics Tests, Numeracy
