Despite the existence of early childhood education (ECE) settings since the mid 19th century and a substantial increase in the availability and accessibility of services over the last four decades, ECE in Malta still struggles to find its voice. Its introduction and development has been marked by erratic progress. The colonial heritage, the Roman Catholic Church, swings and roundabouts of successive administrations, conservative views about women's status and their roles in society have contributed to prevailing perceptions, provision and practices. The sector evolved in response to the demands of a labour-market economy and services became an adjunct to rather than an integral part of the education system. It has retained a low status which is reflected in the working conditions of the overwhelmingly female-dominated practitioners who are considered naturally predisposed to look after children and often recruited with minimal or no initial training. A culture of acquiescence towards decisions taken by superiors has stunted a critical, questioning attitude of practitioners who expect direction and guidance. Developing ECE services has faced an arduous journey but lessons can be drawn from its history to support strategic policies and promote quality praxis.