Increased attention to proposed federal early childhood education (ECE) legislation has sparked a debate on what the future holds for state-funded ECE systems. This brief explores how the goal of universal preschool is being shaped by the federal agenda and examines state programs in various stages of development. President Obama's Preschool for All program is outlined, along with associated funding strategies. An overview of selected state-funded preschool programs is provided. Recommendations for state policymakers are included: (1) Build upon existing ECE infrastructure; (2) Make state-supported ECE programs a comprehensive investment; and (3) Implement a state-supported ECE program in phases.