Mothers pursuing higher education represent a substantial and growing percentage of college students across the U.S. Previous research with this population is relatively scant and, generally, has not considered age differences among college mothers. The present study sought to identify predictors of parent role and student role efficacy in college mothers. Efficacy was expected to be a function of the degree of conflict between parent and student roles. In addition, age-related differences in college mothers suggest that age of mother should moderate the effects of perceived role demand and social support on role efficacy. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 51 years and had at least one child 16 years or younger currently living with them. Results indicated that conflict between parent and student roles is negatively associated with efficacy in each of these roles. Social support was more positively associated with role efficacy for younger college mothers than for older mothers. Finally, overall role demand was negatively associated with student role efficacy for older mothers and positively associated with parent role efficacy for younger mothers. The findings regarding role demand are discussed in terms of challenge and hindrance stressors.