Principals (N = 76) in a large western U.S. school district were randomly assigned to be evaluated using either a new standards-based system or to continue with the old system. It was hypothesized that principals evaluated with the new system would report clearer performance expectations, better feedback, greater fairness and system satisfaction,…

This article describes the system of monitoring district instructional-reform efforts and the influences of the system on teachers and school and district leaders in Duval County, Florida. First, the author offers a brief description of the snapshot system. Second, the study's design, data sources, and analytic methods are presented. Third, the…

Marked progress has been made in the field of kindergarten education during the period from 1922 to 1924. This is shown in the: (1) continued increase in the enrollment in the kindergartens of the country; and (2) the better adjustment of the kindergarten to the school as a whole, including the new educational aims--the basis for unification,…