Sensory differences are nearly universal in autism, but their genetic origins are poorly understood. Here, we tested how individuals with an autism-linked genotype, 16p.11.2 deletion ("16p"), attend to visual information in immersive, real-world photospheres. We monitored participants' (N = 44) gaze while they actively explored 360°…

During early adolescence children are increasingly using their smartphones not only throughout the day, but also before or even during the nighttime. Prior research has revealed that children's school performance might suffer because of late-night smartphone use. To gain a further understanding of the consequences of nighttime smartphone use on…

In the context of the increasingly integrated development of information technology and classroom instruction, university students are engaging in a growing portion of their learning within online spaces. Against this backdrop, the investment in online learning engagement has become a topic of significant interest among numerous researchers. Prior…

In children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), assessing attention is crucial to understanding their behavioral and cognitive functioning. Attention difficulties are a common challenge for children with autism, significantly impacting their learning and social interactions. Traditional assessment methods often require skilled professionals to…

This meta-analysis explores the impact of positive instructors on learning from instructional videos. Both the contagion theory and the cognitive-affective theory of learning with media suggest that positive instructors can facilitate learning. This review analyzed 37 studies reporting various outcomes, including positive emotion, motivation,…

Fidget toys are recommended as "sensory" tools to improve the attention and performance of elementary students with autism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how fidget toys affected the visual attention and skill acquisition of elementary students with autism during storybook reading. Provision of fidget toys was compared with a…

This study was an examination of the micro-learning method, which is a mobile learning approach. To examine the preferences of learners regarding the microlearning method, a course consisting of educational videos and information on online tables was presented at Anadolu University using the Moodle Platform AKADEMA. The research methodology used…

In the literature, one can find many claims about how long a learning video should be, but only a few valid reasons and even less empirical evidence. It is argued that a video should be as short as possible according to the learners' attention span. Short videos shall prevent the learner from becoming too passive. The Segmenting Principle…

Habituation and dishabituation are the most prevalent measures of infant cognitive functioning, and they have reliably been shown to predict later cognitive outcomes. Yet, the exact mechanisms underlying infant habituation and dishabituation are still unclear. To investigate them, we tested 106 8-month-old infants on a classic habituation task and…

The transition to university is a time of great change and adjustment. The challenges of university life can lead to numerous negative consequences for the students. Despite the importance of successful transition for both the student and the university, the current body of literature comprises methodological inconsistencies and disparate…

Research indicates that students with intellectual disability (ID) frequently engage in off-task and disruptive behaviors, which may lead to the exclusion of these students from general education classrooms and school dropouts. In the current study, researchers implemented self-monitoring to improve the on-task behaviors of four participants with…

The role of motivational processes in self-regulated learning is recognized in all the models of self-regulated learning, but differently conceptualized. Integrating the presumptions of the expectancy-value model, models of self-regulating learning, and distinction between motivational beliefs related to learning process and related to…

Frequent reels that have gained immense popularity on platforms like TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube, significantly reduce attention span and impairs academic performance. This study investigates the impact of frequent exposure to short video reels on undergraduate students' attention span and academic performance, assuming that attention span…

Sustained attention (SA) is an endogenous form of attention that emerges in infancy and reflects cognitive engagement and processing. SA is critical for learning and has been measured using different methods during screen-based and interactive contexts involving social and nonsocial stimuli. How SA differs by measurement method, context, and…

This study explores how elementary gifted learners, through the use of fidget strategies, self-regulate levels of attention to increase focus and decrease inattentiveness in the gifted support and general education classrooms. Gifted learners may often be overlooked in areas such as self-regulation and explicitly taught strategies because they…