Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to highlight the role an intentional and cohesive research group for doctoral researchers and supervisors can play in surfacing and de-mystifying many of the implicit doctoral literacy practices involved in doctoral study. Design/methodology/approach: This participatory, collaborative project, involving 11 doctoral researchers and three supervisors, was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, doctoral researchers and supervisors engaged in a discussion which resulted in a shared concept map. The concept map was then used as a prompt for stimulated recall interviews in which the participants reflected on the connections and peer learning afforded by the research group. Findings: Drawing on ideas from Communities of Practice theory, the data revealed that the research group, including both supervisors and doctoral students, developed knowledge, relational connections and an awareness of a range of doctoral literacies. Practical implications: This paper makes suggestions for how those in doctoral education can develop and embed research groups into institutional practices. Originality/value: This study demonstrates the significant role a research group which is structured, intentional and guided plays in supervisors' and doctoral students' development of doctoral literacies and the fundamental intellectual and relational connections afforded by participating in such communities.