Data extraction is a crucial, yet labor-intensive and error-prone part of evidence synthesis. To date, efforts to harness machine learning for enhancing efficiency of the data extraction process have fallen short of achieving sufficient accuracy and usability. With the release of large language models (LLMs), new possibilities have emerged to…

Large language models are increasingly used in educational and psychological measurement activities. Their rapidly evolving sophistication and ability to detect language semantics make them viable tools to supplement subject matter experts and their reviews of large amounts of text statements, such as educational content standards. This paper…

Recent investigations on how people derive meaning from language have focused on task-dependent shifts between two cognitive systems. The symbolic (amodal) system represents meaning as the statistical relationships between words. The embodied (modal) system represents meaning through neurocognitive simulation of perceptual or sensorimotor systems…

The process of generating challenging and appropriate distractors for multiple-choice questions is a complex and time-consuming task. Existing methods for an automated generation have limitations in proposing challenging distractors, or they fail to effectively filter out incorrect choices that closely resemble the correct answer, share synonymous…

After ChatGPT was released late in 2022, many arguments about its accuracy and use in education arose. In this article, I seek to provide evidence of the accuracy and validity of ChatGPT's responses to users' queries in education by applying a systematic review methodology to analyse publications in specific databases following PRISMA guidelines…

We examined how noun frequency and the typicality of surrounding linguistic context contribute to children's real-time comprehension. Monolingual English-learning toddlers viewed pairs of pictures while hearing sentences with typical or atypical sentence frames ("Look at the…" vs. "Examine the…"), followed by nouns that were…

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an integral component of human existence, with individuals employing AI tools in various facets of life. Among the most significant applications of AI is its role in facilitating communication among humans. The present study focuses on the use of AI in translating a crucial type of text that falls within the…

As education increasingly shifts towards a technology-driven model, artificial intelligence systems like ChatGPT are gaining recognition for their potential to enhance educational support. In university education and MOOC environments, students often select courses that align with their specific needs. During this process, access to information…

Recent advances in publicly available natural language processors (NLP) may enhance the efficiency of analyzing student short-answer responses in physics education research (PER). We train a state-of-the-art NLP, IBM's Watson, and test its agreement with human coders using two different studies that gathered text responses in which students…

Children achieve better long-term language outcomes than adults. However, it remains unclear whether children actually learn language "more quickly" than adults during real-time exposure to input--indicative of true superior language learning abilities--or whether this advantage stems from other factors. To examine this issue, we…

Course planning is essential for academic success and the achievement of personal goals. Although universities provide course syllabi and curriculum maps for course planning, integrating and understanding these resources by the learners themselves for effective course planning is time-consuming and difficult. To address this issue, this study…

We used a novel linguistic training paradigm to investigate the experience-dependent acquisition, representation, and processing of novel emotional and neutral abstract concepts. Participants engaged in mental imagery (n = 32) or lexico-semantic rephrasing (n = 34) of linguistic material during five training sessions and successfully learned the…

Using a quasi-experimental method and content analysis as a technique, this study tests ChatGPT, in its version 4, by assessing its textual characteristics and overall understanding regarding the recognition criteria of provisions under International Accounting Standards (IAS) 37, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).…

OpenAI's ChatGPT, is a conversational chatbot that uses Generative Pre-trained Transformer or GPT language model to mimic human-like responses. Here we evaluated its performance in providing responses to genetics questions across five different tasks including solid genetic basics, identifying inheritance pattern based on described pedigrees,…

This paper explores the development of an intelligent translation system for spoken English using Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) models. The fundamental principles of RNNs and their advantages in processing sequential data, particularly in handling time-dependent natural language data, are discussed. The methodology for constructing the…