Undergraduate enrollment in online courses has been trending upward over the past decade, despite declining enrollment overall. With the onset of COVID-19 during the Spring 2020 semester, more undergraduates were suddenly thrust into online courses. Although learning outcomes for face-to-face and online courses may not differ, some students may…

As generative AI tools are increasingly popular in today's teaching and learning process, challenges and opportunities occur at the same time. Self-directed learning has been regarded as a powerful learning ability that supports learners in informal learning contexts and its importance rises in salience when incorporating AI into learning. This…

The effects of COVID-19 remained significant on university students' social and academic well-being. The pandemic raised various mental and psychological challenges for the students, and had the potential to deteriorate their academic engagement and performance in online learning environments. The emotion regulation theory hypothesizes that…

Self-regulated learning interventions influence students' learning outcomes in online and blended environments. A review of the literature about self-regulated learning strategies reveals both significant and non-significant effects on learning outcomes in online and blended environments. The aim of this study was to calculate the common effect…

This study aims to investigate students' self-regulation skills, confidence to learn online, and perception of satisfaction and usefulness of online classes in three learning environments that integrates ChatGPT. In this study, a quasi-experiential design was used to compare three online learning environments that integrate ChatGPT (independent,…