This study investigated the relationship between principal job satisfaction, distributed leadership, teacher-student relationships, and student reading achievement in Turkey. Using school- and teacher-level data from the PISA 2018 and TALIS 2018, we conducted a mediated-effect with antecedent effect model, in which the construct of teacher-student…

The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a comprehensive intervention program (including PA and RAN interventions) on improving early literacy skills in preschoolers from low socioeconomic backgrounds while exploring participant perspectives. The experimental group showed significant improvements in PA, RAN-object, and RAN-color performance…

Recent research from high-income countries and dated research from middle-income countries suggest that home computers and Internet (HCI) may cause more harm than good on students' academic and psychological outcomes. We consider the Program for International Student Assessment 2018 data for 15-year-old students in five middle-income countries…

The psychological resilience of teachers refers to their capacity to cope with the challenges teachers face and their ability to prevent burnout. Teachers' psychological resilience can help them teach students more effectively and maintain their profession in the long term. To date, studies on teacher resilience have generally focused on teachers'…

In this study, the effect of philosophy for children on primary school 4th-grade students' attitudes toward socioscientific issues (SSIs) and asking questions will be examined. A quasi-experimental design will be used in the study. In the study, 48 (experimental group [EG]: 24, control group [CG]: 24) primary school 4th-grade students studying in…

The concept of large-scale assessment has long been on the concern of the education system worldwide. PISA, which is one of the large-scale international assessment, has been administered in a number of countries worldwide since 2000. When PISA was first launched, there was an "unconditional acceptance" of this new application worldwide,…