Introduction: Learning environment is an important factor in the development of preschool children. However, those who have different learning styles and sensory behaviors might not reach the same achievements in the same learning environments. The objective of this study aimed to develop a guideline program that considers learning environments,…

This comparative case study explores the roles of reading-to-write and writing-only approaches on students' L2 writing skills. Six third-year English major students from a Thai university, with diverse proficiency levels, participated in the study. Data from students' writing samples, semi-structured interviews, and observations were analyzed…