The purpose of this qualitative study was to provide rich descriptive answers from caregivers in a rural Title I school district in regards to their participation in their children's education as well as any perceived barriers that potentially would prevent participation. Using Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler's (2010) Model of Parental Involvement, the…

This study aims to address the gap in technology integration within rural Oklahoma schools by examining teacher perceptions regarding the barriers preventing them from effectively integrating technology into their instruction. The findings from this study will offer valuable insight into understanding the current state of technology integration in…

The purpose of this descriptive correlational quantitative study was to examine contributing factors of students and teachers affecting teacher self-efficacy and students' reading achievement in rural Oklahoma elementary schools in grades first through fifth. The contributing factors of students being analyzed included (a) poverty and (b) race or…

This explanatory mixed methods study explores rural Oklahoma STEM subjects and STEM elective teachers' professional experiences, including professional development and certification pathways. Participants completed the Teacher Beliefs and Attitudes Toward STEM Survey (T-STEM Survey, Friday Institute for Education Innovation, 2012) for teachers and…

The volume of teachers leaving the educational field is ever-pervasive across schools in the United States (Carver-Thomas & Darling-Hammond, 2019). Researchers have been highlighting the causes and implications of teacher attrition and mobility for decades (Bobbit et al., 1991; Carver-Thomas & Darling-Hammond, 2019; Ingersoll, 2001;…

A growing problem in Oklahoma public schools is that some teachers integrate education technology into their classrooms while others do not. The need for adaptable practices with technology in classrooms has grown since the COVID-19 pandemic. Heitink et al. (2016) state that integrating technology use into the classroom often requires changes to…

This qualitative descriptive study investigated general education teachers' descriptions of inclusion strategies in rural Oklahoma public schools. The research was grounded in Social Cognitive Theory. Using convenience sampling, nineteen K-12 general education teachers from rural school districts were selected as participants. Research questions…