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Cynthia Puranik; Molly Duncan; Ying Guo – Grantee Submission, 2024
In the present study we examined the contributions of transcription and foundational oral language skills to written composition outcomes in a sample of kindergartners. Two hundred and eighty-two kindergarten students from 49 classrooms participated in this study. Children's writing-related skills were examined using various tasks. Latent…
Descriptors: Oral Language, Language Skills, Writing Skills, Beginning Writing
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Cynthia Puranik; Hongli Li; Ying Guo – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2024
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the direct and indirect relations between short-term memory (STM), reading, oral language, and writing at the letter, word, and discourse levels in young, developing writers both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Method: Participants were 449 English-speaking kindergarten students (52% female)…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Oral Language, Vocabulary, Alphabets