Although previous research consistently finds a strong relationship between parent and child voting, the role of parent encouragement, or verbal instruction, remains less clear. In addition, few studies in this area have attempted to determine the causal mechanisms which drive this association. This study models a potential outcomes approach to…

The role of spirituality in families is an important factor in family resilience. Currently, however, no quantitative instruments exist that adequately assess this phenomenon. This study introduced the adapted Spiritual Perspective Scale-Family Version (SPS-FV) and explored its psychometric qualities among 574 majority ethnic minority individuals…

The development of English language learning in any country is interdependent with its socio-cultural experiences. Learning is determined by the social, historical, economic, political, and cultural dimensions of its context. This study aims to explore the socio-cultural challenges of teaching English in a remote area. It was conducted in Pemana…