The ability to read is fundamental in determining an individual's academic success and social integration, and it is also known to have an impact on other cognitive abilities. A lack of foundational pre-reading skills can accumulate later, causing reading and learning problems. Early diagnosis and development of these skills are therefore…

This study examines the impact of a systematic teaching programme of phonological awareness (PA) skills on children's pre-reading skills where English is taught as Second Language in a school in Beirut, Lebanon. Four Kindergarten classes (two experimental and two control) participated in the study. Instruments included intervention programme,…