Recent philosophical secondary literature on white ignorance -- a concept most famously developed by the late philosopher Charles W. Mills -- suggests that white ignorance is, one way or another, a non-structural phenomenon. I analyse two such readings, the agential view and the cognitivist view. I argue that they misinterpret Mills' work by…

This volume collects Christine Sleeter's core work focusing on "critical" multicultural education, situating culture and identity within an analysis of power and racism. Multicultural education arose in the context of the Civil Rights Movement and, in its inception, shared with that movement a focus on eradicating both interpersonal and…

In recent years, the theory of antiblackness known, generally, as 'afropessimism' has been taken up in the field of Education. In this article, the author outlines afropessimism and emplaces it into the traditions of Black educational thought, namely Critical Race Theory. The article also highlights the emerging contributions of scholars who have…

This article considers the critical theory of the Frankfurt School in the context of decolonisation and asks whether it can have continuing relevance given its foundations in white, western traditions which bear the hallmarks of colonialism. Despite critical theory, particularly in its early radical figurations, situating itself as an alternative…

The antagonism between "class" and "race" have plagued educational theory for decades. As a communist organizer seeking to move Marxist educational theory out of the stagnant waters of theoretical debates, I turn to recent CRT scholarship, which I find much more in line with the communist project. Yet, this literature omits…

Our study provides a review of theories that were used to study race and racism between 2010 and 2019 in higher education. We conducted a content analysis to identify concepts, statements and models used in higher education studies focused on race and racism in the three most highly read United States higher education journals. We also identified…

In the interdisciplinary field of education, critical race theory (CRT) is the predominant framework for studying racism. However, some have argued CRT lacks a racial theory and that CRT-education scholarship should examine how education "racializes" (i.e. contributes to making racialized categories). In this theoretical article, I…

Social ontology examines the nature and mechanisms in human society of concepts that pertain to various kinds of social collectivities. A pioneer in the development of this philosophical field, Mills theorised a social metaphysics of "racial constructivism" for modern philosophy in order to explain the enduring orthodoxies of its…

This paper traces the trajectories of multiracial college student development theories through the three waves conceptualized by Jones and Stewart (2016) to inform future directions in critical mixed race scholarship and praxis. Within each wave, the author examines the utility and limitations of each paradigmatic perspective to construct their…

The concurrent crises of climate change, a pandemic, and social unrest have laid bare systemic inequities in our economic, health, education, and criminal justice institutions that negatively impact people of color. School leaders face unprecedented challenges as they navigate these dilemmas and are compelled to address the implicit biases and…

In recent years, issues of race, racism and social justice have garnered increased attention across the nation. Although some aspects of social justice, particularly cultural sensitivity and test bias, have received similar attention within the field of educational measurement, sharp focus of racism has alluded the field. This manuscript focuses…

This essay places Paulo Freire in dialogue with a Black Radical Tradition (BRT) in three distinct yet interrelated ways. First, the paper situates the significance of Cedric's Robinson's articulation of a BRT while exploring how contemporary scholars are troubling his disputatious relationship with Marxist social thought. Second, the paper…

The more immediate concern of social injustice should explore the significant barriers Black men face in society. Although White America would like you to believe that things have improved, the current climate proves otherwise. The amount of hate toward people of color has been made obvious because of the Donald Trump administration. And one can…

Growing concerns arise over the effectiveness of cultural competency and humility in addressing systemic racism in social work. Scholars advocate for the incorporation of critical race theory (CRT) into social work education; however, its polarization creates uncertainty. This systematized review synthesizes the contemporary use of CRT in social…

Critical Race Theory (CRT) has provided academia a theoretical framework to engage in a conversation and explore the lived experiences of people as they are impacted by the endemic nature of racism. The creation of subsets within CRT have made space for minoritized populations in ways that are specific to them. The author proposes the creation of…