The body is undoubtedly the first language of communication in human history. Body language, which dates back to the first human, was the first language with which humans communicated with each other. Human being is a social being; just as it needs nutrition, shelter, security, knowledge, respect and love, it also needs communication. Therefore,…

"The English Speaking Achievement Test for Japanese Junior High School Students" (ESAT-J) was introduced to contribute to levelling up public English education in Tokyo in 2022. Critics, however, have made claims in the mass media against the use of the test and stakeholder groups have called for its cancellation. This paper presents an…

The current study aimed to evaluate two different sets of secondary level English textbooks: "Exploring English" used in private schools under the Agha Khan Examination board and "Secondary Stage English" textbooks used in government schools of Sindh province in Pakistan. This study investigated whether these textbooks…

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology affords language learners the ability to evaluate their pronunciation accuracy by comparing their intended spoken output with the transcribed text produced by ASR-based dictation applications. However, earlier dictation tools were criticized for producing low level recognition rates for non-native…

English lessons are obligatory from second grade onwards in Turkish state schools which means that language learners are exposed to English early on. Despite an early start, language learners struggle to acquire foreign language speaking skills. The problem of speaking English is a frequently encountered topic of discussion in educational…

Developing English language proficiency is of utmost importance for education systems across Europe. Self-assessment of one's English as a foreign language (EFL) skills is a widely used source of information concerning learners' level of language proficiency. Thus, an investigation of the way different groups of learners assess their language…