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Rodríguez-Málaga, Lucía; Rodríguez, Celestino; Fidalgo, Raquel – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2021
The principal aim of strategy-focused instruction is to teach students strategies to control their writing processes and achieve quality writing. For this purpose, nine 4th grade Elementary School classes from three different schools (N = 215) were randomly allocated to two forms of strategy-focused program called cognitive self-regulation…
Descriptors: Writing Strategies, Teaching Methods, Writing Instruction, Pretests Posttests
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Rodríguez-Málaga, L.; Cueli, M.; Rodríguez, C. – Metacognition and Learning, 2021
The improvement of writing skills is one of the aims of the educational system. The present study implemented strategy-focused instruction through the Cognitive Self-Regulation Instruction (CSRI) program which included three instructional components: Direct Teaching, Modelling, and Peer-Practice. The aim was to explore the short- and long-term…
Descriptors: Grade 4, Elementary School Students, Writing Instruction, Writing Skills
Ping Wang – ProQuest LLC, 2021
According to the RAND model framework, reading comprehension test performance is influenced by readers' reading skills or reader characteristics, test properties, and their interactions. However, little empirical research has systematically compared the impacts of reader characteristics, test properties, and reader-test interactions across…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Reading Tests, Reading Research, Test Items
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White, Sheida; Sabatini, John; Park, Bitnara Jasmine; Chen, Jing; Bernstein, Jared; Li, Mengyi – National Center for Education Statistics, 2021
The 2018 NAEP Oral Reading Fluency (ORF) study is conducted by NCES to examine fourth-grade students' ability to read passages out loud with sufficient speed, accuracy, and expression, as well as foundational skills to gauge underlying sources of poor fluency. Oral reading fluency and foundational skills are important components of reading that…
Descriptors: National Competency Tests, Reading Tests, Oral Reading, Reading Fluency